On 31 January 2014, CITpax and IE School of International Relations organised an open debate with the participation of, inter alia Marwan Muasher (Vice-president of Studies at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and former Foreign Affairs Minister of Jordan), Mohammad-Mahmoud Ould Mohamedou (visiting Professor at the University Institute of International Studies in Geneva), and Nassif Hitti (Former Ambassador of the Arab League to Paris and Permanent Observer at UNESCO). The discussion took advantage of the recent publication of Marwan Muasher´s new book, The Second Arab Awakening and the Battle for Pluralism, as well as the expertise and knowledge of the other participants, to launch a dialogue on the future of the Arab world and its political and social transformation.